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There are seven North American mole species: the
eastern mole, hairy-tailed mole, star-nosed mole, broad-footed mole, Townsend’s
mole, coast mole, and shrew mole. The most wide-ranging is the eastern mole,
which is found from eastern Texas, north to southern South Dakota and eastward
to the Atlantic Ocean.
Moles have a hairless, pointed snout and small eyes.
The photo on the home page is that of an eastern mole. These animals are
insectivores and feed primarily on grubs and earthworms. For the most part,
moles live in seclusion and underground burrows and rarely come to the surface.
These mammals are solitary and rarely do more than 2 or 3 moles occupy the same
burrow system.
Moles have a very high metabolic rate and,
therefore, have to consume large amounts of food. The home range of these
insectivores is almost 20 times larger than that of a pocket gopher. Our
experience in studies of moles on golf courses has shown that an infested area
will contain about one mole per acre. Because of the extensive tunneling and
length of the tunnels, it may appear that many moles occupy an area.
Moles dig elaborate tunnel systems and have feeding
runways barely beneath the grass. That is why a mole on a golf green can stick
out like a sore thumb. The ridge is elevated and easily visible. The tunnel
system will have many yards of traveling tunnels within several inches of the
ground surface. As the weather cools, moles will retreat into their deeper
tunnels, up to 5 feet beneath the surface.
Moles tend to be very aggressive and will kill and
consume voles or mice that may venture into their tunnels. Numerous studies have
been conducted on the food habits of moles. The mammal will consume about 85% of
its body weight in food daily. A study on eastern moles revealed that the
majority of food found in the stomach contained white grubs and earthworm.
Beetles, beetle larvae, and other larvae were also present. Ants, wasps, flies
and other various insects were also noted.
For the most part, moles prefer moist soil with high
populations of grubs and earthworms. That is why moles are often a menace on
golf courses and lawns. As you fertilize and care for grass, this attracts worms
and grubs, which in turn attracts moles and provides a food base for the mammal.
Moles are not social animals. The gestation period
for moles is about 42 days and they have an average of 5 young in March to
April. Because of their behavior, moles have few predators. It is a rare
occasion to see a mole as it moves near a tunnel entrance.

For the most part, baits have been used to control
moles. Most are ineffective since most of these products contain grain-based
material. The food habits of animals dictate the bait type. We have maintained
moles in captivity by feeding the animals wet cat food. Because of our studies
we have been able to determine which bait additives are best preferred by moles
and have incorporated them into the formula.
If you think you have a mole problem in your yard
there is a simple technique to determine if a mole is the menace. Take the end
of a broomstick and force it into the surface tunnel of the mole. Within 1-2
days if a mole is inhabiting the burrow, the hole will be neatly plugged with
fresh dirt. Mark the spot where you punch the hole into the tunnel so you can be
certain to locate where you punched the hole. If there is a mole present, then
click on the label tab and follow the baiting instructions for Kaput®
Mole Gel Bait
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Use pre-packaged 3 oz. syringe and insert tip into
mole tunnel. Six placements per active mole system. Repeat if necessary after
five days and control should be achieved.
Product contains 0.025% warfarin in a flavorful gel
formulation. The first of "its" kind for use against moles. This product is easy
to apply, effective against North American mole species and has an antidote,
Vitamin K. Recent studies on golf courses in St. Louis, Mo, and Simmons Pest
Management AKA (Critter Ridders) in Memphis showed the product to be effective
in reducing mole numbers. This patented delivery system is unique. The
formulation has the flavor to attract and eliminate moles
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